#Transmission
Power Engineering Primer
September 7, 2026
Substations and Transmission Lines 101 — Reading High Voltage, Protection Relays, and HVDC Through Grid Behavior
Why is a power plant's electricity stepped up to hundreds of kV and then stepped down in stages at substations? This piece diagrams the roles of transformers, circuit breakers, busbars, protection relays, and transmission lines — the equations behind loss, power angle, and insulation coordination, alongside today's equipment, digital substations, and HVDC research — as a single system.
Fundamentals · 9 min
Power Engineering Primer
September 7, 2026
Power Systems 101 — Reading Generation, Transmission, and Storage as One System
Hydro, thermal, nuclear, solar, and wind look nothing alike if you only compare generation methods. This piece reads frequency, supply-demand balancing, substations, transmission losses, batteries, and protection relays as a single power system, walking through the equations that determine output and stability, the equipment in service today, and where renewable-energy research is headed.
Fundamentals · 9 min Powertrain & Mechanical Engineering September 4, 2026Transmissions — Comparing MT, AT, CVT, and DCT
A transmission matches engine or motor speed and torque to the wheels. This guide compares MT, torque-converter AT, CVT, and DCT mechanisms, losses, shift quality, and control, then explains why EVs often use a single reduction gear.
Fundamentals · 4 min