#Regenerative Braking

Powertrain & Mechanical Engineering September 4, 2026

Braking Systems Primer — Disc, Drum, Regeneration, and Brake-by-Wire

Braking is the job of turning kinetic energy into heat or electricity to stop a car. This article covers disc and drum friction and heat dissipation, hydraulic circuits and ABS/ESC, regenerative blending in EVs and HVs, and the state of brake-by-wire, with math and diagrams.

Fundamentals · 7 min Powertrain & Mechanical Engineering September 4, 2026

EV Powertrains — Motor, Inverter, and Reduction Gear

An EV converts battery DC into three-phase motor power, then sends electromagnetic torque through a reducer and differential to the wheels. This guide compares PMSM and induction motors, regeneration, thermal design, and current integrated platforms.

Fundamentals · 4 min